{"id":89,"date":"2017-11-24T04:23:32","date_gmt":"2017-11-23T20:23:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.xzclass.com\/?p=89"},"modified":"2022-03-01T16:46:41","modified_gmt":"2022-03-01T08:46:41","slug":"%e5%91%8a%e8%af%89%e4%bd%a0%e4%b8%80%e4%b8%aa%e7%9c%9f%e5%ae%9e%e7%9a%84%e5%82%85%e9%87%8c%e5%8f%b6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.xzclass.com\/?p=89","title":{"rendered":"\u544a\u8bc9\u4f60\u4e00\u4e2a\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u5085\u91cc\u53f6"},"content":{"rendered":"

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1795\u5e74\uff0c\u5f53\u5df4\u9ece\u7efc\u5408\u5de5\u79d1\u5b66\u6821\u6210\u7acb\u65f6\uff0c\u5085\u91cc\u53f6\u88ab\u4efb\u547d\u4e3a\u52a9\u6559\uff0c\u534f\u52a9J\uff0eL\uff0e\u62c9\u683c\u6717\u65e5<\/strong>\uff08Lagrange\uff0c\u76f8\u4fe1\u5927\u5bb6\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e0d\u4f1a\u964c\u751f\uff09\u548cG\uff0e\u8499\u65e5<\/strong>\uff08Monge\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u8d85\u7ea7\u5927\u725b\uff09\uff0c\u4ece\u4e8b\u6570\u5b66\u6559\u5b66\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u8fd8\u8bbd\u523a\u6027\u5730\u88ab\u5f53\u4f5c\u7f57\u4f2f\u65af\u5e87\u5c14<\/strong>\uff08Robespierre\uff09\u7684\u652f\u6301\u8005\u800c\u88ab\u6355\uff0c\u7ecf\u540c\u4e8b\u8425\u6551\u83b7\u91ca\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

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1798\u5e74\uff0c\u8499\u65e5\u9009\u6d3e\u4ed6\u8ddf\u968f\u62ff\u7834\u4ed1<\/strong>\uff08Napoleon\uff09\u8fdc\u5f81\u57c3\u53ca\u3002\u5728\u5f00\u7f57\uff0c\u4ed6\u62c5\u4efb\u57c3\u53ca\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u7684\u79d8\u4e66\uff0c\u5e76\u4ece\u4e8b\u8bb8\u591a\u5916\u4ea4\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u65f6\u4ed6\u4ecd\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u4e1a\u4f59\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5373\u6570\u5b66\u7269\u7406\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u65e9\u5728\u8fdc\u5f81\u57c3\u53ca\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u5bf9\u70ed\u4f20\u5bfc\u95ee\u9898\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u6d53\u539a\u7684\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5de5\u4f5c\u662f\u5728\u683c\u52d2\u8bfa\u5e03\u5c14\u4efb\u804c\u671f\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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1807\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u5411\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u5448\u4ea4\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u5f88\u957f\u7684\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u9898\u4e3a\u201c\u70ed\u7684\u4f20\u64ad<\/strong><\/span>\u201d\uff08M\u00e9moire sur la propagation de la chaleur<\/span>\uff09\uff0c\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u4e0d\u8fde\u7ed3\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u548c\u7279\u6b8a\u5f62\u72b6\u7684\u8fde\u7eed\u4f53\uff08\u77e9\u5f62\u7684\u3001\u73af\u72b6\u7684\u3001\u7403\u72b6\u7684\u3001\u67f1\u72b6\u7684\u3001\u68f1\u67f1\u5f62\u7684<\/span>\uff09\u4e2d\u7684\u70ed\u6269\u6563\uff08\u5373\u70ed\u4f20\u5bfc<\/span>\uff09\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5728\u8bba\u6587\u7684\u5ba1\u9605\u4eba\u4e2d\uff0c\u62c9\u666e\u62c9\u65af<\/strong>\u3001\u8499\u65e5<\/strong>\u548c S\uff0eF\uff0e\u62c9\u514b\u9c81\u74e6<\/strong>\uff08Lacroix<\/span>\uff09\u90fd\u662f\u8d5e\u6210\u63a5\u53d7\u8fd9\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u62c9\u683c\u6717\u65e5<\/strong>\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u53cd\u5bf9\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u5085\u91cc\u53f6\u5728\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u8fd0\u7528\u6b63\u5f26\u66f2\u7ebf\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u6e29\u5ea6\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u6709\u4e89\u8bae\u6027\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\uff1a\u4efb\u4f55\u8fde\u7eed\u5468\u671f\u4fe1\u53f7\u53ef\u4ee5\u7531\u4e00\u7ec4\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u6b63\u5f26\u66f2\u7ebf\u7ec4\u5408\u800c\u6210\u3002<\/strong><\/span>\uff08\u8fd9\u53e5\u8bdd\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u5f88\u8033\u719f\uff1f\u9ad8\u6570\u8bfe\u542c\u8fc7\uff0c\u4fe1\u53f7\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bfe\u542c\u8fc7\uff0c\u6570\u5b57\u4fe1\u53f7\u5904\u7406\u8bfe\u4e5f\u542c\u8fc7\u3002\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u4f46\u662f\u62c9\u683c\u6717\u65e5\u575a\u6301\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5085\u91cc\u53f6\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u65e0\u6cd5\u8868\u793a\u5e26\u6709\u68f1\u89d2\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u5982\u5728\u65b9\u6ce2\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u975e\u8fde\u7eed\u53d8\u5316\u659c\u7387\u3002\uff08\u4e0d\u61c2\uff1f\u653e\u5fc3\uff0c\u6211\u4e5f\u4e0d\u61c2 \uff09<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u6700\u7ec8\uff0c\u6cd5\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u5b66\u4f1a\u5c48\u670d\u4e8e\u62c9\u683c\u6717\u65e5\u7684\u5a01\u671b\uff0c\u62d2\u7edd\u4e86\u5085\u91cc\u53f6\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u5728\u5ba1\u67e5\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7ed9\u5085\u91cc\u53f6\u7684\u56de\u4fe1\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u9f13\u52b1\u4ed6\u7ee7\u7eed\u94bb\u7814\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u679c\u4e25\u5bc6\u5316\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7a76\u7adf\u4e24\u4f4d\u5927\u725b\u8c01\u5bf9\u8c01\u9519\u5462\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6b63\u5f26\u66f2\u7ebf\u65e0\u6cd5\u7ec4\u5408\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e26\u6709\u68f1\u89d2\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u8fd9\u53e5\u8bdd\u62c9\u683c\u6717\u65e5\u662f\u5bf9\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6b63\u5f26\u66f2\u7ebf\u6765\u975e\u5e38\u903c\u8fd1\u5730\u8868\u793a\u5b83\uff0c\u903c\u8fd1\u5230\u4e24\u79cd\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u80fd\u91cf\u5dee\u522b<\/strong>\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u6b64\uff0c\u5085\u91cc\u53f6\u662f\u5bf9\u7684\u3002\uff08\u67d0\u8001\u5e08\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u8868\u793a\u7ee7\u7eed\u4e0d\u61c2\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u4e3a\u4e86\u63a8\u52a8\u5bf9\u70ed\u6269\u6563\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u4e8e1810\u5e74\u60ac\u8d4f\u5f81\u6c42\u8bba\u6587\u3002\u5085\u91cc\u53f6\u5bf9\u51761807\u5e74\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u52a0\u4ee5\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u5e76\u518d\u6b21\u63d0\u4ea4\uff0c\u9898\u76ee\u662f\u201c\u70ed\u5728\u56fa\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u7406\u8bba<\/strong><\/span>\u201d\uff08Theorie du mouvement de chaleur clansles corps solides<\/span>\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u8fd9\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u5728\u7ade\u4e89\u4e2d\u83b7\u80dc\uff0c\u5085\u91cc\u53f6\u83b7\u5f97\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u9881\u53d1\u7684\u5956\u91d1\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u8bc4\u59d4\u2014\u2014\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u62c9\u683c\u6717\u65e5\u7684\u575a\u6301\u2014\u2014\u4ecd\u4ece\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u4e25\u683c\u6027\u548c\u666e\u904d\u6027\u4e0a\u7ed9\u4e88\u4e86\u6279\u8bc4\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u8fd9\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u53c8\u672a\u80fd\u6b63\u5f0f\u53d1\u8868\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u8fd9\u4e0b\u5b50\u5085\u91cc\u53f6\u5f7b\u5e95\u70b8\u4e86\uff0c\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u65e0\u7406\u7684\u975e\u96be\uff0c\u4ed6\u51b3\u5fc3\u5c06\u8fd9\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u90e8\u5206\u6269\u5145\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u672c\u4e66\uff08\u4ed6\u672c\u6765\u8fd8\u6253\u7b97\u628a\u7269\u7406\u90e8\u5206\u51fa\u4e66\uff0c\u53ef\u60dc\u540e\u6765\u6ca1\u6709\u5b8c\u6210\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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1822\u5e74\uff0c\u5085\u7acb\u53f6\u7ec8\u4e8e\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u4e13\u8457\u300a\u70ed\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u7406\u8bba\u300b<\/strong><\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u8fd9\u90e8\u7ecf\u5178\u8457\u4f5c\u5c06\u6b27\u62c9<\/strong>\u3001\u4f2f\u52aa\u5229<\/strong>\u7b49\u4eba\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u6b8a\u60c5\u5f62\u4e0b\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u4e09\u89d2\u7ea7\u6570\u65b9\u6cd5\u53d1\u5c55\u6210\u5185\u5bb9\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u4e09\u89d2\u7ea7\u6570\u540e\u6765\u5c31\u4ee5\u5085\u91cc\u53f6\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u547d\u540d\uff08\u5085\u91cc\u53f6\u7ea7\u6570<\/strong><\/span>\uff09\u3002\u540e\u6765\u4e3a\u4e86\u5904\u7406\u65e0\u7a77\u533a\u57df\u7684\u70ed\u4f20\u5bfc\u95ee\u9898\u53c8\u5bfc\u51fa\u4e86\u201c\u5085\u91cc\u53f6\u79ef\u5206<\/strong><\/span>\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u6781\u5927\u5730\u63a8\u52a8\u4e86\u504f\u5fae\u5206\u65b9\u7a0b\u8fb9\u503c\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c\u5085\u91cc\u53f6\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u610f\u4e49\u8fdc\u4e0d\u6b62\u6b64\uff0c\u5b83\u8feb\u4f7f\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u51fd\u6570\u6982\u5ff5\u4f5c\u4fee\u6b63\u3001\u63a8\u5e7f\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u5bf9\u4e0d\u8fde\u7eed\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u63a2\u8ba8\uff1b\u4e09\u89d2\u7ea7\u6570\u6536\u655b\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u66f4\u523a\u6fc0\u4e86\u96c6\u5408\u8bba\u7684\u8bde\u751f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u300a\u70ed\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u7406\u8bba\u300b\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u6574\u4e2a19\u4e16\u7eaa\u5206\u6790\u4e25\u683c\u5316\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u5728\u6570\u5b66\u53f2\uff0c\u4e43\u81f3\u79d1\u5b66\u53f2\u4e0a\u516c\u8ba4\u662f\u4e00\u90e8\u5212\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u6027\u8457\u4f5c\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


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<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6240\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c\u5410\u69fd\u5f52\u5410\u69fd\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u771f\u5fc3\u5e94\u8be5\u611f\u8c22\u5085\u7237\uff0c\u611f\u8c22\u5085\u7237\u63a8\u52a8\u4e86\u4eba\u7c7b\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\u3002\u4ed6\u8001\u4eba\u5bb6200\u591a\u5e74\u524d\u521b\u9020\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u5b66\u6e23\u4eec\u5230\u73b0\u5728\u90fd\u770b\u4e0d\u61c2\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b66\u6e23\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5c0f\u67a3\u541b\u53cd\u6b63\u662f\u5f88\u7f9e\u6127\u7684\u3002\u3002\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5085\u7237\uff0c\u4f60\u6c38\u8fdc\u6d3b\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u5fc3\u4e2d\uff01<\/span><\/p>\n


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\uff08\u5b8c\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u672c\u6587\u90e8\u5206\u5185\u5bb9\u5f15\u7528\u4e8e\u767e\u5ea6\u767e\u79d1\u3001\u897f\u90ae\u4fe1\u53f7\u5904\u7406\uff08\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\uff09\u53ca\u7f51\u7edc\u76f8\u5173\u8d44\u6599\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u6587\u7ae0\u8f6c\u8f7d\u81ea\u5fae\u4fe1\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\uff1a\u9c9c\u67a3\u8bfe\u5802<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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